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Topics
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Topics
Electromagnetic fields
- What are electromagnetic fields?
- High-frequency fields
- Radiation protection in mobile communication
- Static and low-frequency fields
- Radiation protection relating to the expansion of the national grid
- Radiation protection in electromobility
- The Competence Centre for Electromagnetic Fields
Optical radiation
- What is optical radiation?
- UV radiation
- Visible light
- Infrared radiation
- Application in medicine and wellness
- Application in daily life and technology
Ionising radiation
- What is ionising radiation?
- Radioactivity in the environment
- Applications in medicine
- Applications in daily life and in technology
- Radioactive radiation sources in Germany
- Register high-level radioactive radiation sources
- Type approval procedure
- Items claiming to provide beneficial effects of radiation
- Cabin luggage security checks
- Radioactive materials in watches
- Ionisation smoke detectors (ISM)
- Radiation effects
- What are the effects of radiation?
- Effects of selected radioactive materials
- Consequences of a radiation accident
- Cancer and leukaemia
- Hereditary radiation damage
- Individual radiosensitivity
- Epidemiology of radiation-induced diseases
- Ionising radiation: positive effects?
- Radiation protection
- Nuclear accident management
- Service offers
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The BfS
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The BfS
- Working at the BfS
- About us
- Science and research
- Laws and regulations
- Radiation Protection Act
- Ordinance on Protection against the Harmful Effects of Ionising Radiation
- Ordinance on Protection against the Harmful Effects of Non-ionising Radiation in Human Applications (NiSV)
- Frequently applied legal provisions
- Dose coefficients to calculate radiation exposure
- Links
Qualification of the provider
Anyone who applies lasers or strong optical radiation sources on humans needs solid technical knowledge and expertise in order to identify and avoid possible risks. Providers must be familiar with the equipment used and the effects of optical radiation and be able to adapt the treatment to the individual characteristics of the customer or patient.
In order to remove tattoos properly, the provider needs extensive knowledge about the different lasers and the interaction of laser radiation with the respective tattoo inks. They must be able to identify circumstances of the customers or patients that exclude the desired application or allow it only under strict risk-benefit considerations (contraindication).
With the Ordinance on Protection against the Harmful Effects of Non-ionising Radiation in Human Applications (NiSV) only physicians with the appropriate advanced training are allowed to carry out some applications such as tattoo removal as of 31 December 2020.