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Spotlight on EMF Research

Every month, well over 100 scientific articles are published in peer-reviewed international journals that are related to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and their possible health-relevant effects. With "Spotlight on EMF Research", selected recent publications are presented, assessed by BfS in the context of the existing state of knowledge and evaluated in terms of their relevance for radiation protection.

Photo of the team behind "Spotlight on EMF Research" The team behind "Spotlight on EMF Research"The Spotlight Team

What does "Spotlight on EMF Research" have to offer?

  • Summary and review of scientific publications (in PDF format, DORIS)
  • Literature suggestions for further reading
  • A list of new publications every 3 months

For better orientation, we have categorized the texts. All further details are explained in the information from the editorial team:

What topics and publications does "Spotlight on EMF Research" cover?Show / Hide

"Spotlight on EMF Research" presents recent publications (original articles or reviews) on all frequency ranges (0-300 GHz) from the disciplines of epidemiology, biology, dosimetry/exposure and biophysics. We, the researchers of the Competence Centre for Electromagnetic Fields (KEMF) at the BfS, want to help decision-makers, scientists and the interested professional public to better understand the results of the publications discussed in order to evaluate their significance for radiation protection. The content is addressed to an expert audience and other specifically interested parties.

However, the individual “Spotlight on EMF Research” contributions do not constitute a risk assessment, as such an assessment is always based on the entirety of the available evidence, and not just on individual publications.

We continuously search the following databases for relevant, newly published articles: EMF-Portal, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus.

We select articles

  • because of the high quality and significance of the scientific work,
  • because of the low significance and, at the same time, high potential to be misunderstood,
  • because the results are unexpected,
  • because the subject matter evokes public interest, or
  • because the topic is directly related to a BfS research focus.

Scientific discourse depends on publications and we appreciate every publication as a contribution to this discourse. We know first-hand how time-consuming it is to publish one's own scientific work, and we feel great appreciation for all scientific contributions, even if we sometimes do not follow the authors' conclusions or assessments.

What does "Spotlight on EMF Research" contain? Show / Hide

Each Spotlight, as we call the individual contributions, contains brief background information on the question of the publication from the point of view of the BfS, the results and discussion from the point of view of the authors, and finally, an assessment and comment by the BfS. New Spotlights are announced with a short preview here on the BfS website, which contains a link to the PDF file in our online repository DORIS.

All Spotlights are categorized so that you can easily find all of our featured publications on a topic. Just click on the categories linked below, where we use the most common terms.

We categorize according to the frequency of exposure:

and according to the type of study:

In addition, you will find literature recommendations for what we consider to be other interesting publications that meet our criteria. These are, for example, published comments, reports and statements from other authorities or committees, or our own publications. For these, there is only a short note with a link to the original work.

Depending on the publisher and publication model, scientific articles may or may not be read free of charge. If an article is not freely available, you can contact e.g., the nearest university or city library. There, you also have access to literature databases which are, in some cases, subject to charge. In many cases, a not yet peer-reviewed preliminary version of an article is available on so-called preprint servers, i.e. arxiv for physics and biorxiv for biology.

When are the Spotlights published and how can you reach us?Show / Hide

The Spotlights are successively posted here and in DORIS. Every three months, an overview of all scientific publications, from which the Spotlights were selected, is compiled. This overview (in PDF format) is also sorted according to the categories specified above, and you can search it for recent publications that have not been discussed here. If you would like to receive the regular overview by e-mail, please send us an e-mail to spotlight@bfs.de.

Your opinion is important to us! It can help us to improve our services, both in terms of topics covered and selection of publications, regarding the comprehensibility of our content.

Please send us your opinion to spotlight@bfs.de.

The more specific your feedback, the more helpful it is to us. If you are referring to a specific Spotlight, please include the title and number.

The team behind "Spotlight on EMF Research"Show / Hide

Each "Spotlight on EMF Research" article is authored by an experienced interdisciplinary team of radiation protection specialists at the BfS. Every article is prepared by at least two professionals and subsequently reviewed by at least one additional person. Currently, the team consists of the following individuals (in alphabetical order):

The team behind "Spotlight on EMF Research"
NameExpertise and Responsibilities
Dr. Alexander AstaninPhysics, Machine Learning Methods, Exposure and Dosimetry
Dr. Dan BaakenEpidemiology, Observational Studies
Dr. Dimitri BelenkiBiology, Molecular Medicine, Biostatistics, Editorial staff
Dr. Andreas DeserPhysics, Biophysical Mechanisms, Exposure and Dosimetry
Dirk GeschwentnerElectrical Engineering, Exposure and Dosimetry
Dr. Jens KuhnePhysics, Exposure and Dosimetry, Editorial staff
Dr. Alexander LeymannPhysics, Biophysical Mechanisms, Editorial staff
Dr. Felix MeyerBiology, Animal and Cell Studies
Dr. habil. Blanka PophofBiology, Zoology, Human Biology, Behaviour, Physiology
Dr. Janine SchmidtBiology, Animal and Cell Studies
Evelyn WeiserLiterature Research, Editorial staff
Dr. Heide Wilsdorf-KöhlerEpidemiology, Observational Studies
Dr. Martin ZangElectrical Engineering, Exposure and Dosimetry

Spotlights and literature suggestions

Literature list 2025/1 (01.2025 to 03.2025)

This is the list of publications reviewed between January 2025 and March 2025 from which articles were selected to be discussed as part of "Spotlight on EMF Research". If you would like to be regularly informed about newly published literature lists and would also like to receive a RIS file with the corresponding metadata, please send us an e-mail to spotlight@bfs.de.

Literature suggestion: "Recent Research on EMF and Health Risk, Eighteenth report from SSM's Scientific Council on Electromagnetic Fields, 2023" from Huss et al. (2024)

The Scientific Council on Electromagnetic Fields of the Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (SSM) compiles a report each year in which the newly published literature on electromagnetic fields and potential health risks is summarized. Studies and systematic reviews on static, low-frequency, intermediate-frequency, and high-frequency fields are considered if they meet certain quality criteria. In the latest report SSM concludes that, in the considered time period, the study results do not necessitate changes to existing reference levels.

Literature suggestion: "Effects of recall and selection biases on modeling cancer risk from mobile phone use: Results from a case-control simulation study" by Bouaoun et al. in Epidemiology (2024)

Interphone, the largest case-control study on mobile phone use and brain tumours, found an increased brain tumour risk in the 10% of study participants with the most pronounced mobile phone use. Bouaoun et al. used stochastic methods to investigate whether the increased risk was due to a bias in the recall of mobile phone use. The study supports the hypothesis that the increased risk with intensive use is probably explained by errors in the self-reported information on mobile phone use.

Spotlight on “The effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure on biomarkers of oxidative stress in vivo and in vitro: A systematic review of experimental studies” von Meyer et al. in Environment International (2024)

Can radiofrequency electromagnetic fields affect the oxidative balance of cells? This systematic review, conducted on behalf of the World Health Organization (WHO), examines the available scientific literature on this question. The scientific quality of the included studies is predominantly low, and the data analyses conducted show inconsistent results. Therefore, the confidence in the evidence for a link between electromagnetic fields and changes in oxidative balance is very low. In this spotlight, we summarize the evaluation results for the individual endpoints.

Spotlight on “Impact of specific electromagnetic radiation on wakefulness in mice” von Deng et al. in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2024)

In humans, studies have repeatedly shown effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on the electroencephalogram during sleep. The results vary depending on the methodological approach. The present study investigates in an animal model the effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on sleep depending on exposure parameters such as frequency, modulation and pulsation. Deng et al. propose a non-thermal effect. In this spotlight, we discuss why the details on the animals' exposure do not unconditionally support this conclusion.

Spotlight on “The effect of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on cognitive performance in human experimental studies: Systematic review and meta-analyses” Pophof et al. in Environment International (2024)

Can radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, such as those generated when using a mobile phone on the head, impair cognitive performance, such as memory, perception or attention? This systematic review, commissioned by the World Health Organization, evaluates the scientific findings on this question. Overall, the results show no statistically significant effects on cognitive perfomance in humans exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. They confirm with high to medium reliability that cognitive performance is not acutely impaired below the recommended exposure limits. In this spotlight, we summarise the results of the meta-analyses on the individual endpoints.

Literature suggestion: “Potential health effects of exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF): Update with regard to frequencies between 1 Hz and 100 kHz” von SCHEER (2024)

The Scientific Committee on Health, Environmental and Emerging Risks (SCHEER) of the European Commission published in Oct 2024 its opinion on potential health effects of exposure to low and intermediate frequency electric and magnetic fields. Such fields occur, e.g. during use and transportation of electric current or while operating electric vehicles. In its opinion, SCHEER summarizes the scientific literature and evaluates the evidence regarding health effects. On our homepage you will find a summary and comment on the SCHEER opinion by the BfS.

Literature list 2024/4 (10.2024 to 12.2024)

This is the list of publications reviewed between October 2024 and December 2024 from which articles were selected to be discussed as part of "Spotlight on EMF Research". If you would like to be regularly informed about newly published literature lists and would also like to receive a RIS file with the corresponding metadata, please send us an e-mail to spotlight@bfs.de.

Literature suggestion: “International study of childhood leukemia in residences near electrical transformer rooms” by Crespi et al. in Environmental Research (2024)

The TransExpo study investigates low-frequency magnetic field exposure and the risk of childhood leukemia. Children with leukemia (cases) and children without leukemia (controls) living in buildings with built-in transformers were included. Both groups were compared in terms of the proximity of the apartment to the transformer. Measurement close to the transformer can be up to five times higher than in other apartments. Read why the authors conclude that the evidence for an overall association between EMF and leukaemia is weak.

Spotlight on “Red rock crab (Cancer productus) movement is not influenced by electromagnetic fields produced by a submarine power transmission cable” by Williams et al. in Continental Shelf Research (2023)

How may subsea power cables influence sea life? Williams et al. investigate whether these cables affect the behaviour of crabs in the field. Finding no notable impact, they conclude that crabs are more influenced by natural environmental cues than by anthropogenic magnetic fields. These findings are important for the development of sustainable marine renewable energy without compromising marine biodiversity.

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