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Expert statements on topics concerning natural radiation exposure

National and international research addresses questions that are relevant to radiation protection. The BfS releases expert statements on selected topics.

Drawing of radon inside the lung

How many cases of lung cancer in Germany are attributable to radon in homes?

Long-term residential exposure to an increased radon concentration increases the risk of developing lung cancer. The Federal Office for Radiation Protection estimates that about 1,900 lung cancer deaths per year in Germany are attributable to residential radon (5 % of lung cancer deaths). This figure originates from a publication of Menzler et al. from 2008. In two publications from 2018 different results on the population attributable fraction due to radon in Germany were published: Gaskin et al. (2018) calculated an attributable fraction of about 14 % and 6,449 attributable deaths per year and Gredner et al. (2018) calculated a fraction of 6 % and 3,185 attributable new cases per year.

Diagram of radon pathways from the soil to the surface

Does radon exposure increase skin cancer risk?

Radon and its progeny can cause lung cancer. This association has first been observed in studies on underground miners exposed to high radon concentrations. Later studies on the general population have provided convincing evidence that long-term residential radon exposure also increases the risk of lung cancer. Up to now, other health effects of radon have not been consistently demonstrated. Recently, scientists from the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) found a statistically significant association between mortality from malignant melanoma and radon exposure at the place of residence (Vienneau et al. 2017). They claimed that their study "supports the hypothesis that radon exposure is a relevant risk factor for skin cancer" independent of UV exposure which was also modelled in their study.

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