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Radiation protection in mobile communications

Wireless transmission of information and mobile communications are a matter of course nowadays. Among the various wireless technologies used for transmission of information mobile communications is the most widespread one. Phone calls, pictures, music, data and other information are transmitted via high-frequency electromagnetic fields. What is known about the effects of high frequency electromagnetic fields? Which protective and precautionary measures do exist? The BfS has compiled answers to these and further questions on this web page.

high-frequency electromagnetic field

High-frequency electromagnetic fields

In mobile communications, high-frequency electromagnetic fields are used for wireless transmission of voice and data. In free space they propagate as waves at the speed of light while being able to transmit energy and information over long distances.

5G

5G

The next generation (5G) of mobile communications is available since 2020. Self-driving cars, voice-activated assistants, and intelligent refrigerators are just a few examples of how the higher data transmission rates of the new mobile phone technology could be used. However, there are also some concerns.

A smartphone held in the hand

Tips for users of smartphones and tablets

Just like classic mobile phones, smartphones use high frequency electromagnetic fields to transmit speech and data. Besides mobile communication connections, Smartphones can usually also make use of Wireless Lan (wi-fi). This is similarly the case for tablets: They use high frequency fields for wi-fi connections and often also have mobile communications inbuilt.

The BfS gives tips to reduce individual exposure to electromagnetic fields.

Graphic depiction of the SAR at the heads surface

Specific Absorption Rates (SAR) for mobile phones

Mobile communication uses high frequency electromagnetic fields for information transmission. When talking to someone on a mobile phone, the energy of these fields is partly absorbed in the head. If a headset is used and the mobile phone is, for example, put in one’s pocket, the energy is absorbed by the body part close to the mobile phone. The specific absorption rate (SAR) is a measure for the energy absorbed by the body. Its measure is Watt per kilogram (W/kg)

Zwei junge Frauen telefonieren mit Handy und Smartphone

Recommendations for mobile phones

Mobile communications use high-frequency electromagnetic fields to transmit information. Mobile phones generate these fields directly by the head when making telephone calls without using hands-free equipment. According to current knowledge, the internationally recommended limit values are sufficient to protect the user from proven health risks.

Spotlight on EMF Research

Research reports and statements of the BfS

Here you will find research reports and statements of the BfS on comprehensive topics in the field of electromagnetic fields. Research reports and statements on individual topics in the field of mobile communications, power grid expansion, high-frequency fields, low-frequency and static fields can be found on the corresponding pages. You will also find the "Spotlight on EMF Research", which presents and evaluates individual studies.

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